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Indicator | Attribute | Purpose | If restricted to taxa, list which ones | Ecosystem applicability | Identified capability | Biological classification level | Response variable | Drivers | Robustness |
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System Omnivory Index | Ecosystem structure and function, community structure, trophic structure |
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| Should be applicable in all ecosystems |
| Ecosystem | Trophodynamic | Anthropogenic?, trophodynamic? | Medium to high |
Indicator examples | Current status and trends | Management objective/direction | Stakeholder/Public acceptability |
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Examples of how the indicator is used. | Pick one of the following: | Pick one of the following: | Pick one of the following: |
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The following is from Fulton et al 2004a -
The System Omnivory Index (SOI) is a measure of how feeding interactions are distributed in relation to trophic levels (Christensen et al. 2000). The index is the average omnivory index of all consumers weighted by the logarithm of each consumer’s food intake. As a value of SOI close to zero indicates specialist feeders and increases as feeding interactions become more complex, the index characterises the extent to which a system displays web-like features and as such can be used as an indicator of the effects of fishing, which is expected to affect system complexity. SOI has been used in places such as the Eastern Bering Sea (Trites et al. 1999) to identify changes in system structure through time as a result of fishing pressure and environmental change. As with many proposed indicators, trends in the value of SOI (or the comparison of values from fished and unfished areas) will be more informative, with regard to characterising the effects of fishing, than single snapshot values.
Ecosystem structure and function, community structure, trophic structure
Provide any additional details necessary of the purpose listed in the table
As appropriate list an taxa that this indicator is restricted to
The following is from Fulton et al 2004a -
The following is from Fulton et al 2004a -
Should be applicable in all ecosystems.
Is there any additional information that would be of interest in regards to the identified capability?
Otherwise can leave this section blank and just fill in the table instead.
Is there any additional information that would be of interest in regards to the biological classification level?
Otherwise can leave this section blank and just fill in the table instead.
Is there any additional information that would be of interest in regards to the response variable?
Otherwise can leave this section blank and just fill in the table instead.
Is there any additional information that would be of interest in regards to the identified capability?
Otherwise can leave this section blank and just fill in the table instead.
The following is from Fulton et al 2004a -
Medium to high: assuming taxonomic resolution and diet composition data is reliable, trends in SOI could be very informative. However, diet composition and sufficient taxonomic resolution of the data are not always present and thus the trophic structure of the models used to derive SOI can have a large influence on the resulting values. Once the true magnitude of this model structure issue has been investigated, or data resolution is of a sufficient grade, SOI should be a useful indicator.
What was it like in an undisturbed/unexploited system?
How would it be expected to change?
Which way is the indicator showing a population is going in? decreasing or increasing?
Using the standard set of management objectives from Indiseas
* Conservations biodiversity
* Ecosystem stability and resistance to perturbations
* Ecosystem structure and functioning
* Resource potential
Has it been used in a management strategy? if so how?
List any relationships with management strategies/objectives
Acceptability with stakeholders?
* by all stakeholder
* by the public
* understandable to the stakeholders
Fulton, E.A., Smith, A.D.M., Webb, H., and Slater, J. (2004a) Ecological indicators for the impacts of fishing on non-target species, communities and ecosystems: Review of potential indicators. AFMA Final Research Report, report Number R99/1546.
References that Fulton et al uses for this indicator:
Christensen, V., C.J. Walters, and D. Pauly. 2000. ECTOPATH with ECOSIM: a user’s guide. October 2000 edition. Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vanouver, Canada and International Centre for Living Aquatic Resources Management, Penang, Malaysia.
Trites, A. W., P. A. Livingston, S. Mackinson, M. C. Vasconcellos, A. M. Springer, and D. Pauly. 1999. Ecosystem change and the decline of marine mammals in the Eastern Bering Sea: testing the ecosystem shift and commercial whaling hypotheses, Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada.
Fulton, E.A., Fuller,M., Smith, A.D.M., and Punt, A. (2004) Ecological indicators of the ecosystem effects of fishing: Final report. AFMA Final Research Report, report Number R99/1546.
Other references that SD has found that would be useful to update the indicator referred to on this page.
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